please download this article here
Wednesday, November 18, 2009
Friday, November 13, 2009
Coffee Lowers risk of Gallstone Disease
சித்தர்நுற்களில் காபி ‘‘பித்தநீர்ப்பெருக்கி என்று கூறப்பட்டுள்ளது.அதை
மெய்ப்பிக்கும் ஆய்வு
Coffee Lowers risk of Gallstone Disease for Men in Major Study :
The coffee analysis was part of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, a prospective cohort study that tracked the dietary habits and health histories of 51,529 male physicians, veterinarians, and dentists aged 40 to 75 between 1986 and 1996. The study assessed the consumption of coffee and other caffeinated beverages as part of a 131-item food frequency questionnaire. A total of 46,008 men were eligible for inclusion in the coffee analysis, after exclusion of those with histories of gallbladder disease, cancer, or calorie intake outside a normal range. Dietary and health histories were established with a baseline questionnaire and updated biennially through follow-up questionnaires. The main outcome measurement was new symptomatic gallstone disease (diagnosed by ultrasound or x-ray) or cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal).
The investigators speculate that a number of coffee constituents may contribute to the protective effect, citing earlier research on the metabolic effects of caffeine, cafestol, and whole-bean coffee. According to the authors, caffeine has demonstrated an ability to increase bile flow, decrease gallbladder fluid absorption, and inhibit biliary cholesterol crystallization, and cafestol (a lipid compound in coffee beans) may affect the concentration of bile cholesterol. Coffee itself has been shown to stimulate the release of cholecystokinin (a polypeptide that stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and release of pancreatic juice) and to increase gallbladder and large bowel motility. Most population studies investigating the relationship between coffee consumption and gallbladder disease have demonstrated lowered risks for people with high coffee intake, but at least three studies have suggested an increased risk. Gallstone disease is estimated to affect more than 20 million Americans and result in at least 800,000 hospitalizations a year, with direct costs of more than $2 billion. – Evelyn Leigh, HRF
[Leitzmann MF, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Giovannucci E. A prospective study of coffee consumption and the risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in men. JAMA 1999; 281(22): 2106-2112.]
Sunday, November 8, 2009
INSULIN PLANT
Insulin Plant (Costus Ingneus) Medicinal Herbs
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Insulin plant (COSTUS IGNEUS (OR )COSTUS PICTUS) is a relatively new entrant to Kerala and India. The plant is a late entrant to Kerala Ayurvedic medicinal herb scene mostly from USA. Insulin plant has not got a Malayalam name yet, except the occasional use of insulin chedy or insulin chedi, where chedy means a plant. The catchphrase of this plant is a leaf a day keeps diabetes away
The plant is characterized by large fleshy looking leaves. It grows very quickly. Propagation is by stem cutting. It grows in slightly shady areas.
Diabetes patients are advised to chew down a leaf in the morning and one in the evening for a month. Allopathic doctors too recommend it and it is found to be effective in bringing blood sugar levels under completely under control. There is also dried and ground powder of the leaves now available in the market.
Costus ingneus belongs to the family zingiberaceae.
(Origin -Florida, USA)
A Magic Cure for Diabetes as never before with proven effects.
Santhimadom Agro Farm has secured these plants from the U.S.A and they are being multiplied using stem cuttings.
Dosage for diabetes patients
1. The patient has to take two leaves per day in the morning and evening and in the evenings for one week. The leaves must be chewed well before swallowing.
2. After one week the patient should take one leaf each in the morning and evening.
3. This dosage should be continued for 30 days.
This medicine is being increasingly prescribed by doctors. In 90 % of the cases diabetes has been found to be curable using this medicine. Just try it for yourself.
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pl download from link; http://www.filefactory.com/file/a1beeef/n/insulin.rar
PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF COSTUS PICTUS
----------------------------------------------------------------
Journal of Health Science, 53(6) 655–663 (2007)
Anti-diabetic Activity of Methanol Leaf Extract of
Costus pictus D.D ON in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats
655
Nandhakumar Jothivel,∗, a Sethumathi Pudhupalayam Ponnusamy,aMalini Appachi,b
Sengottuvelu Singaravel,aDuraisamy Rasilingam,aKarthikeyan Deivasigamani,a
and Sivakumar Thangavela
aDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Nandha College of Pharmacy, Koorapalaym Pirivu, Pitchandampalayam (P.O), Erode, Tamil Nadu,
638 052, India andbDepartment of Biochemistry, Maharaja College for Women, Post Box No.:17, Perundurai main road, Erode, Tamil
Nadu, 638 052, India
(Received February 9, 2007; Accepted August 24, 2007)
The methanol extract of Costus pictus (C. pictus) D.DON (Family: Zingiberaceae) leaf was investigated for its
anti-diabetic effect in Wistar Albino rats. Diabetes was induced in Albino rats by administration of single doses
of alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg, i.p.). The methanol extract of C. pictus (MECP) at a dose of 120 mg/kg, p.o.
was administered as single dose per day to diabetes-induced rats for a period of 21 days. The effect of MECP leaf
extract on blood glucose, plasma insulin, serum lipid profile [cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, very low-
density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)], serum enzymes
[serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminases (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminases (SGPT), alkaline
phosphatase (ALP)], total protein, and liver glycogen were measured in the diabetic rats. Histopathological studies
of liver, pancreas and kidney were also carried out. MECP elicited significant (p <> 250 mg/dl) were selected for the
study.
Experimental Grouping of Animals —— The ex-
perimental rats were divided into four groups of six
animals in each group. Group I, animals served as
normal healthy controls, which received 0.5% w/v
carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC). Group II,
untreated diabetic control. Group III, diabetic rats
given methanol leaf extract of C. pictus (120 mg/kg,
p.o) at a single dose per day. The dose (120 mg/kg,
p.o.) was selected on the basis of earlier-reported
toxicity studies on methanol leaf extract of C. pictus
D.DON.18)Group IV, control rats given methanol
leaf extract of C. pictus (120 mg/kg, p.o.) at a sin-
gle dose per day. The extract was administered for a
period of 21 days. Body weight of the animals was
recorded every week.
No. 6
Table 1. Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis in Different Extracts of Leaves of C. pictus Plant
Plant Extractive solvents of
657
constituents
Carbohydrate
Protein
Steroids
Alkaloids
Tannins
Glycosides
Saponins
Flavonoids
Fixed oils
Petroleum ether
−
−
+
−
−
−
−
−
+
Chloroform
−
−
+
+
−
−
−
−
−
Methanol
+
+
−
+
+
−
+
+
−
Water
+
+
−
−
+
+
+
−
−
+ve and –ve symbol indicates the presence and absence respectively of plant constituents with respect to
extractive solvents in the increasing order of polarity.
Collection of Liver, Pancreas, Kidney, and
Blood —— At the end of the treatment blood was
collected by direct cardiac puncture and serum was
separated by centrifugation at 2500 rpm. The rats
were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and organs
were excised immediately and thoroughly washed
with ice cold physiological saline. The serum col-
lected was used for biochemical estimations.
Estimation of Biochemical Parameters ——
Serum glucose, plasma insulin (estimated by
ELISA method using Boehinger Mannheim Gmbh
kit, Werk Penzberg, Germany), liver glycogen,
serum lipid profile, serum glutamate oxaloacetate
transaminases (SGOT), serum glutamate pyru-
vate transaminases (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase
(ALP), and serum protein content were determined
standard procedures in an auto analyzer using
Ecoline kits (E. Merck, Mumbai, India).
Histopathological Investigation —— Liver, kid-
ney, and pancreas were washed in saline and a small
portion of these organs was quickly fixed in 10%
formalin. Then, the tissues were processed by stan-
dard histopathological technique (i.e. dehydration
through graded isopropyl alcohol, cleaning through
xylene and impregnated in paraffin wax for 2 hr).
Wax blocks were made, sections were used for cut-
ting microtome and stained by haematoxylin eosin
method and photographed.
Statistical Evaluation —— All results are ex-
pressed as mean ± S.D. Statistical evaluation was
done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),
followed by Student’s t-test.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Phytochemical Analysis
Compounds of different polarity from dried
leaves of C. pictus were extracted by sequential
extraction process using different solvents such as
petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, and wa-
ter (Table 1). These sequential extracts were sub-
jected to preliminary phytochemical screening for
the presence of different chemical groups. Of all ex-
tracts tested, methanol extract was found to contain
the highest number of phytochemicals such as car-
bohydrates, triterpenoids, proteins, alkaloids, tan-
nins, saponins, and flavonoids. The pentacyclic
triterpenoids such as α- and β-amyrin and related
compounds occur especially in waxy coatings of the
leaves.19, 20) Mostly the terpenic compounds were
successfully isolated from leaves.21)From the re-
sults of earlier-reported studies, it is known that
triterpene mixture possesses bioactive anti-diabetic
properties.22–26)
Body Weight
Body weight increased significantly (p < n =" 6);" n =" 6);" n =" 6);">
thriphala anticancer solution
சித்தர்நூற்களில் மிகச்சிறந்த காயகற்ப மருந்தாக கூறப்பட்டுள்ளது. மரணத்தை தடுக்கும் மூலிகையான திரிபலா பற்றிய அறிவியல் கட்டுரை .
if you want to download this article,pl follow this link;
http://www.filefactory.com/file/a1bee9f/n/triphalaanticancer.pdf
Triphala: an Anti-Cancer Solution
• By Ray Noronha,
• Published 06/3/2008
Triphala: an Anti-Cancer Solution
Research studies over the last ten years indicate that Triphala may be an important
drug of choice in anti-cancer therapy. For instance, early studies showed that E.
officinalis a prime constituent of Triphala resulted in elevated levels of free radical
scavenging activity with a parallel decrease of oxidative stress when tested in rat
brain. The same authors also revealed that E. officinalis contains Tannin, which may
be causing this effect .(1).
In the British Journal of Cancer, Nandi et al published a study showing that dietary
supplementation of E. officinalis fruit in mice significantly reduced the cytotoxic
effects of a known carcinogen (3,4-benzo(a)pyrene) (2). Subsequent in-vivo studies
showed that treating mice with different doses of Triphala up to 80mg/kg (LD50
dose i.p. of triphala 280 mg/kg b. wt) consecutively for five days before irradiation
delayed the onset of mortality and reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness when
compared with the non-drug treated irradiated controls (3). These findings
demonstrate that this ancient Ayurvedic formulation significantly protects mice
against radiation-induced lethality. Perhaps what is common to these in vivo
research studies is the role that Tannin, which is known to possess broad cancer
chemopreventitive activity (4). Other studies also confirm Triphala as a potential therapeutic anti-cancer agent.
Studies published in J Ethnopharmacol. Feb 2005, revealed that gallic acid, a major
polyphenol constituent in Triphala resulted in the suppression of the growth of cancer
cell lines: MCF-7 breast cancer cells and PC-3 and DU-145 prostate cancer cells
(5). Tannins are polyphenols, which occur in vascular plant tissues and they exist in
two major forms: condensed and hydrolysable; hydrolysable tannins consist of gallic
acids. Gallic acid has been shown to act as a free radical scavenger (6). These
studies indicate that Gallic acid a major polyphenol observed in Triphala, may be the
molecule of interest acting as a free radical scavenger. Antitumor activity by phenolic
antioxidants may also be explained by the inhibition of AP-1 activity through
induction of
Fra
expression
(7,
8).
However, it is the 2006 research studies by Sandhya et al that may reveal the true
mechanism of action and an exciting breakthrough in the use of Triphala as an
anticancer agent. Sandhya's team investigated the effects of Triphala on human
breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and a transplantable mouse thymic lymphoma (barcl-
95). They found that Triphala induced apoptosis in MCF-7 and barcl-95 cells in-vitro
with a proportion of apoptotic cells dependent on Triphala concentration. When
MCF-7 cells were treated with Triphala, gel electrophoresis revealed a pattern of
DNA damage, characteristic of apoptosis (9). Apoptosis occurs when a cell actively
terminates itself via various molecular signaling pathways. The rate of apoptosis is of
major
importance
in
tissuehomeostasis.
Under normal circumstances, when DNA gets damaged, either the cell dies by
apoptosis or the DNA is able to repair itself. In cancer cells, the damaged DNA is not
repaired and the apoptotic pathways are disturbed resulting in the survival of
cancerous cell. The main function of apoptosis is to dispose of a cell without causing
damage
or
stress
to
neighbouringcellsi.e.biochemicalexecution.
Sandhya's group verified that Triphala selectively destroys the cancerous cell via
an apoptotic pathway, which in itself is an exciting breakthrough in the scientific
research studies of herbal medicines. The same study also demonstrated that
apoptosis was significantly higher in the excised tumor tissue of Triphala fed mice
(40 mg/kg body weight) as compared to the control, further indicating the
involvement of apoptosis in tumor growth reduction. The researchers stated, "These
results suggest that Triphala possessed ability to induce cytotoxicity in tumor cells
but spared the normal cells". Further they revealed that Triphala treated MCF-7 and
barcl-95 cells showed a significant increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species
(ROS)
in
a
concentration
dependent
manner.
Triphala: an Anti-Cancer Solution page 2
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) include oxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides
and are derived from metabolism of molecular oxygen (10). DNA damage by ROS
is known to cause cancer (11). Thus the differential effect of Triphala on normal and
tumor cells seem, to be related to intracellular ROS generation. Sandhya and his
colleagues from the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India concluded,
"The differential response of normal and tumor cells to Triphala in vitro and the
substantial regression of transplanted tumor in mice fed with Triphala points to its
potential use as an anticancer drug for clinical treatment". Sandhya and Mishra later
determined the most probable apoptotic pathway. They investigated the role of
Triphala in two human breast cancer cell lines of differing p53 status concluding that
Triphala
acts
through
p53
mediated
apoptosis
(12).
These studies indicate that Triphala exerts its cytoxicity in tumour cells possibly
through the gallic acid pathway, which is known to generate intracellular ROS in
tumour cells (13). Sandhya and Mishra have provided the first evidence that
Triphala's cytotoxic effect occurs exclusively in tumour cells possibly through p53-
mediated apoptosis. p53 is a 53 kilodalton nuclear phosphoprotein, which is
regarded as a very common mutated gene in human cancer (14) and is also a key
regulator in the apoptotic pathway. Further studies are required to determine if
Triphala acts via other apoptotic pathways and the p53 status of all Triphala
responsive cell lines. Sandhya et al should be congratulated, as the methodology
used represents a significant milestone in research of Ayurvedic medicine.
Sandhya‘s research findings have been further amplified by Professor Srivasti and
Dr Dr Yan Shi from the University of Pittsburg, Cancer Institute (15). They presented
their findings at the annual meeting of the American association for Cancer
Research in April 2007. Dr Srivasati and his team demonstrated that mice grafted
with human pancreatic tumors and subsequently fed with Triphala resulted in
elevated levels of proteins associated with apoptosis and 50% reduction in tumor
sizes when compared to the control (normal saline) group. Further testing revealed
that Triphala activated tumor suppressor gene, resulting in the generation of proteins
that suppressed apoptosis but did not negatively affect normal pancreatic cells.
These are exciting scientific findings as pancreatic cancer is extremely difficult to
treat. Perhaps Triphala may have anti-cancer properties in humans, which is not a
surprise to practitioners of Ayurveda, but the real potential will only be determined
once Phase 1 trials have been embarked. Dr Srivastava commented: "Triphala
triggered the cancerous cells to die off and significantly reduced the size of the
tumours without causing any toxic side-effects. "With follow-up studies, we hope to
demonstrate its potential use as a novel agent for the prevention and treatment of
pancreatic
cancer."
In conclusion, as previous research studies have also demonstrated the possible use
of Triphala as a chemopreventative and radioprotective agent, (16, 17) one can
conclude that as many anticancer drugs lack selectivity and possess toxic side-
effects, then perhaps ancient herbal remedies like Triphala that exhibit high anti-
oxidant status, radioprotectivity and tumour specificity with no side effects can
provide a serious rationale for more intensive scientific and clinical investigations.
PLEASE VISIT ; http://www.ayurvedahc.com/articlelive/articles/
REFERENCES
(1) Bhattacharya A, Chatterjee A, Ghosal S, Bhattacharya SK. Indian J Exp Biol.
1999 Jul;37(7):676-80
(2) Nandi P, et al. Br J Cancer. 1997;76(10):1279-83
(3) Jagetia GC, Baliga MS, Malagi KJ, Sethukumar Kamath M Phytomedicine. 2002
Mar;9(2):99-108
(4) Bo¨hm H, Boeing H, Hempel J, Raab B, Kroke A. Z Ema¨hrungswiss 1998; 37:
147œ63
(5) Kaur S, Michael H, Arora S, Harkonen PL, Kumar S. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005
Feb 10;97(1):15-20
(6) Stupans I; Kirlich A; Tuck KL; Hayball PJ. J Agric Food Chem. 2002; 50(8):
2464-9
(7) Yoshioka, K.; Deng, T.; Cavigelli, M.; Karin, M. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A., 1995,
92, 4972-6.
(8) Yu, R.; Tan, T. H.; Kong, A. T. J Biol Chem., 1997, 272, 28962-70.
(9) Sandhya T, Lathika KM, Pandey BN, Mishra KP. Cancer Lett. 2006; 231(2):206-
14
(10) Buechter DD. Pharm Res1988,5:253-60
(11) Ames BN. Science 1983,221:1256-64
(12) Sandhya T, Mishra KP. Cancer Lett. 2006 Jul 18;238 (2):304-13
(13) H. Sakagami, Y. Jiang, K. Kusama, T. Atsumi, T. Ueha and M. Toguchi et al.,
Phytomedicine 7 (2000) (1), pp. 39œ47
(14) Soussi T. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2000; 910: 121-39
(15) http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/news/archive/newsarchive/2007/april/18122343
(16) Sandhya T, Lathika KM, Pandey BN, Bhilwade HN, Chaubey RC, Priyadarsini
KI, Mishra KP . Abstract Mutat Res. 2006 Oct 10;609(1):17-25
(17) Deep G, Dhiman M, Rao AR, Kale RK. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2005
Dec;24(4):555-63
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